Antiquities: Are Sanskrit (order) Latin: Ars Greek: indicates the human capacity to make any object. The capacity is the knowledge of the rules. What is meant by "art" the old can be understood if one thinks of the nine Muses, that protected and embodiments of the various arts. In the list, which curiously lacks the visual arts such as painting and sculpture are represented especially the performing arts: dance (Terpsichore), tragedy and comedy (respectively, Melpomene and Thalia), mime (Polyhymnia) and the various types of poetry, which in ancient times, though written, was intended primarily to be sung or declaimed: epic (Calliope), love (Erato) and opera (Euterpe). Also included among the "arts" protected by the Muses two disciplines that we now understand, however, between the sciences: history (Clio) and Astronomy (Urania).
In the Hellenistic period began the first classification and the arts were divided into common and liberal, depending on physical exertion or require an intellectual effort.
In the Middle Ages are beginning to reassess the common arts, which will be called mechanical, but continue to play a subordinate role compared to the liberal arts. Arts "mechanics" were not different than what we now call "fine art", such as painting and sculpture, the liberal arts and mechanical properties were reduced to seven, and among those that required physical exertion were numbered only the arts that improved the life of man, who ate, the shelter from the elements, namely those arts whose point was the utility as the unique pleasure. You know, these medieval mechanical arts, two reference lists: those of Hugh of St. Victor and Rodolfo Longo Campo.
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